\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{NaOH}=0,3.2=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.0,5=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na^+}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe^{3+}}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\\n_{H^+}=0,1.2=0,2\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,1.3+0,1=0,4\left(mol\right)\\n_{OH^-}=0,6\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

PT ion rút gọn:

\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

0,2-->0,2

\(Fe^{3+}+3OH^-\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow\)

\(\dfrac{2}{15}\)<----0,4--------->\(\dfrac{2}{15}\)

\(\Rightarrow m=\dfrac{2}{15}.107=\dfrac{214}{15}\left(g\right)\)

dd sau phản ứng có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Na^+}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe^{3+}\left(d\text{ư}\right)}=0,2-\dfrac{2}{15}=\dfrac{1}{15}\left(mol\right)\\n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,4\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(V_{\text{dd}}=0,3+0,2=0,5\left(l\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{Na^+}=\dfrac{0,6}{0,5}=1,2M\\C_{Fe^{3+}}=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{15}}{0,5}=\dfrac{2}{15}M\\C_{SO_4^{2-}}=\dfrac{0,4}{0,5}=0,8M\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(n_{HCl}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,1.1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH :

                 \(2HCl+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\)

trc p/u :        0,1          0,1 

p/u :               0,1       0,05            0,05        0,1

sau p/u :      0            0,05             0,05        0,1 

\(C_{M_{BaCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{M_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư}}=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2}=0,25\left(M\right)\)

\(m_{BaCl_2}=0,05.208=10,4\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.0,1=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ n_{HCl}=0,2.0,15=0,03\left(mol\right)\\ Ba\left(OH\right)_2+2HCl\rightarrow BaCl_2+2H_2O\\ Vì:\dfrac{n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(đề\right)}}{n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,03}{1}>\dfrac{n_{HCl\left(đề\right)}}{n_{HCl\left(PTHH\right)}}=\dfrac{0,03}{2}\\ \Rightarrow Ba\left(OH\right)_2dư\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(p.ứ\right)}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,03}{2}=0,015\\ n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(dư\right)}=0,03-0,015=0,015\left(mol\right)\\ \left[OH^-\right]=2.\left[Ba\left(OH\right)_2\left(dư\right)\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,3+0,2}=0,03\left(M\right)\\ \Rightarrow pH=14+log\left[OH^-\right]=14+log\left[0,03\right]\approx12,477\)

a)

Coi V dd HCl = 100(ml)

m dd HCl = 1,25.100 = 125(gam)

n HCl = 125.7,3%/36,5 = 0,25(mol)

[H⁺ ] = [Cl^- ] = CM HCl = 0,25/0,1 = 2,5M

b)

n Al = 0,235(mol)

2Al + 6HCl $\to$ 2AlCl3 + 3H2

n HCl pư = 3n Al = 0,705(mol)

n HCl dư = 0,4.2 - 0,705 = 0,095(mol)

[H⁺ ] = CM HCl dư = 0,095/0,4 = 0,2375M

pH = -log([H⁺ ]) = 0,624

Dung dịch A thể tích bao nhiêu? Nếu không có thì không cho đáp số.

Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{FeCl_3}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{MgCl_2}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

PT: \(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_{3\downarrow}+3KCl\)

______x_________3x_________x (mol)

\(MgCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_{2\downarrow}+2KCl\)

____y_________2y_________y (mol)

Ta có: \(n_{KOH}=0,2.2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ 3x + 2y = 0,5 (1)

m _{kết tủa} = 16,5 ⇒ 107x + 58y = 16,5 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ x = y = 0,1 (mol)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{FeCl_3}}=C_{M_{MgCl_2}}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)\)

\(FeCl_3+3KOH\rightarrow Fe\left(OH\right)_3\downarrow+3KCl\\ MgCl_2+2KOH\rightarrow Mg\left(OH\right)_2\downarrow+2KCl\)

\(n_{KOH}=0,2\cdot2,5=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

Đặt n_FeCl₃ trong 500ml X là a mol, n_MgCl₂ trong 500ml X là b mol

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a+2b=0,5\\107a+58b=16,5\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow C_MFeCl_3=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)\\ C_MMgCl_2=\dfrac{0,1}{0,5}=0,2\left(M\right)\)

Đáp án D

→ 0,015.35,5 + 0,2a.137 + 17(0,4a - 0,015) = 1,9875

→ a = 0,05 M

Đáp án D

a, \(n_{HCl}=0,2.0,1=0,02\left(mol\right)=n_{H^+}=n_{Cl^-}\)

\(n_{H_2SO_4}=0,2.0,15=0,03\left(mol\right)=n_{SO_4^{2-}}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{H^+}=2n_{H_2SO_4}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{H^+}=0,02+0,06=0,08\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,3.0,05=0,015\left(mol\right)=n_{Ba^{2+}}\) 

\(\Rightarrow n_{OH^-}=2n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(H^++OH^-\rightarrow H_2O\)

0,03___0,03 (mol) ⇒ n_H⁺ dư = 0,05 (mol)

\(Ba^{2+}+SO_4^{2-}\rightarrow BaSO_4\)

0,015___0,015______0,015 (mol) ⇒ n_SO4^2- dư = 0,015 (mol)

⇒ m = m_BaSO4 = 0,015.233 = 3,495 (g)

\(\left[Cl^-\right]=\dfrac{0,02}{0,2+0,3}=0,04\left(M\right)\)

\(\left[H^+\right]=\dfrac{0,05}{0,2+0,3}=0,1\left(M\right)\)

\(\left[SO_4^{2-}\right]=\dfrac{0,015}{0,2+0,3}=0,03\left(M\right)\)

b, pH = -log[H⁺] = 1